Blog I- Elements and Principles of Design

With reference to these websites, complete the following table.

http://www.digital-web.com/articles/principles_of_design/

http://www.johnlovett.com/test.htm

Principles of Design

Balance- Balance is the gravity of the page. Balance is the way the picture or word, how it balances out with the theme of the project. It is the arrangement of the objects in a given design as it relates to the visual balance within a work. Balance usually comes in two forms: symmetrical and asymmetrical.

Dominance- Dominance determines the visual weight of a composition, establishes space and perspective, and often resolves where the eye starts first when looking at a design or when reading something. There are three stages of dominance, each relating to the weight of a particular object within a composition.
· Dominant: The object given the most visual weight, the element of primary emphasis that advances to the foreground in the composition.
· Sub-dominant: The element of secondary emphasis, the elements in the middle ground of the composition.
· Subordinate: The object given the least visual weight, the element of tertiary emphasis that recedes to the background of the composition.

Harmony- Harmony is when the colours, object, shapes, and style of information are all matching each other, and it is like everything goes together hormonally. For example, adjacent colours on the colour wheel, and similar shapes.

Contrast- Contrast is the tone or value which makes up what is a light or a dark colour. Contrast is also which way the direction is going, is it going horizontaly or verticaly. Too much contrast scattered throughout a painting means that it can destroy the unity of the work and make the work difficult to look at.

Unity- Unity is when you are relating to the design elements so that it will allow you to bring up the idea of being expressed and allowing you to express in an image, this means that it reinforces the principle of unity.

Elements of design

Line- Line can be considered in two ways. One way is the linear marks made with a pen or brush and the other ways is the edge created when two shapes meet.

Shape- A shape is a self contained defined area of geometric or organic form which allows you to draw a shape. A positive shape in a painting automatically creates a negative shape.

Direction- Direction is how all lines have directions so that they can meet up with one another. The forms that the direction of lines come in are: Horizontal, Vertical or sloping.

Size- Size is the relationship of the area occupied by one shape to that of another that determines the size of the shape.

Texture- Texture is the surface or quality of a shape in which it will come in. The forms in which texture would come in is: rough, smooth, soft hard glossy etc.

Colour- Colours are the brightness of an image where it reflects the idea and feelings expressed in a particular image. Colours come in a variety of forms in which they come in different colours, and this would allow yo to express your feeling in an image. Warm colors are a group of colors that consist of reds, yellows, and oranges. Cool colors are group of colors that consist of purples, greens, and blues.

Value- Value is the lightness or darkness of a colour in which you can express your feelings in an image. Value is also known as Tone.

Blog H Blog 19

Phishing for security
With reference to the following two websites, complete Blog 19.

http://www.microsoft.com/protect/yourself/phishing/identify.mspx

http://www.smh.com.au/news/Management-Focus/Phishing-for-security/2005/04/11/1113071897711.html

Who do you think is responsible for internet security? If vendors do not take responsibility what will happen to their ability to sell online?
the website that I am referring to is http://www.smh.com.au/news/Management-Focus/Phishing-for-security/2005/04/11/1113071897711.html, and according to this website, it states that the bank blames the business man, as he is not wise enough to look after his personal account details. In the article it states as to why the bank blames the business man, "The US secret service found a Trojan called Corewood was responsible but in case still pending, the bank blames the buisnessman for not taking sufficient security precautions." On the other hand as I had read down the article, I had found a different quote in which it says this "However, the banks are responsible for authenticating authenticating the person performing the transactions. They must prove you are the owner of the account before you withdraw the money, and since such proof is harder to obtain online, then two-factor authentication is necessary.” In both of these quotes, you can see that it answers the questions and in my point of view, I would agree with the same thing as what the quotes in this article was saying, which I have listed above. But I have to say that the businessman should be wise enough and should be able enough to look after his personal account details, becuase if they are not able of looking after their personal accounts, then it may even end up to a very small false statement and then it may lead in theme losing their money.

What can vendors do to improve online security?
What banks strongly recommend vendors to do so that they are able to improve online security is that businesses are not supposed to, and are in fact not allowed to ask users to send any personal information through the e-mail.

Blog G Blog 18

Nortel Helps Underprivileged Indian Children Cross the Digital Divide

Read the article on this website:
http://www2.nortel.com/go/news_detail.jsp?cat_id=-8055&oid=100236330&locale=en-US

a) What is the digital divide?
Digital divide refers to the gap between people with effective access to digital and information technology, and those with very limited or no access at all.

b) Do you think this is a blatant attempt at market dominance?
Yes, because the statements are subjects to important assumptions, risks and uncertainities, which are difficult to predict and actual outcome may be materially different from the contemplated in foward - looking statements.

blog J: AIT and the Law in Australia Blog 20

Answer the following questions:

Copying photos, music or movies from the internet is as easy as point and click. However, just because it's easy, does not mean it is legal. Discuss this statement in relation to Australia’s copyright law.

Copyright- Copyright is a type of legal protection for people who express ideas and information in certain forms so that they are able to express themesleves while writing or acting out as something. The most common forms are: writing, visual images, music and videos. Copyright protects the form or way an idea or information is expressed, not the idea or information itself.

Copyright Act 1968- Copyright exists in works and other subject-matter by good value of the Copyright Act 1968. The only exception to this is in relation to certain limited privilege rights of the Crown in respect of copyright in Acts of Parliament.

Regulations- The Copyright Regulations 1969, the Copyright Tribunal (Procedure) Regulations 1969 and the Copyright (International Protection) Regulations 1969 specify matters related to the operation of the Copyright Act.

Access to the law- The Copyright Act and Regulations are constantly under review and are amended from time to time. Access to electronic versions of Commonwealth legislation is available through the Attorney-General's Department’s legal information retrieval system.

Downloading images, movies and videos from the internet is not illegal; these things can be downloaded and used for the purpose of entertainment. However if these objects have been used for the purpose of selling them and making a profit then this operation becomes illegal for the users that are doing so.

2. Identify measures your school takes to protect your information privacy?

• Each student is given a username and password so that the people can not steal other peoples information.
• The teachers have special software that always them to see the type of work the students are performing and if they are not peforming the right work then they have the right to switch off the person's computer.
• The students also write an agreement that says they must follow the schools policies and must not attempt to do someth illegal.

blog f

History of the web and website design

Refer to this webpage and answer the blog questions that follow.
http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG/

Blog 15: Why be inclusive on web design?
Inclusivity is when designers are considering people with disability when designing their web page. For example people with eyesight problem, the designer use certain colour to, in order for these people to see. Inclusivity should be considered on a web design, in case if people with disability need information that is the web.

Blog 16:
With reference to the website standards (http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG/) what are some accessibility techniques that will ensure:

a) someone with a sight disability can use the website
Use of Color: Color is not used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element
Contrast:
Large Text: Large-scale text and images of large-scale text have a contrast ratio of at least 3:1; Incidental: Text or images of text that are part of an inactive user interface component, that are pure decoration, that are not visible to anyone, or that are part of a picture that contains significant other visual content, have no contrast requirement.
Logotypes: Text that is part of a logo or brand name has no minimum contrast requirement.
Resize text: Except for captions and images of text, text can be resized without assistive technology up to 200 percent without loss of content or functionality. (Level AA)
Images of Text: If the technologies being used can achieve the visual presentation, text is used to convey information rather than images of text except for the following: (Level AA)
Customizable: The image of text can be visually customized to the user's requirements;
Essential: A particular presentation of text is essential to the information being conveyed.

b) someone with a hearing disability can use the website
Audio Control: If any audio on a Web page plays automatically for more than 3 seconds, either a mechanism is available to pause or stop the audio, or a mechanism is available to control audio volume independently from the overall system volume level
Low or No Background Audio: For prerecorded audio-only content that (1) contains primarily speech in the foreground, (2) is not an audio CAPTCHA or audio logo, and (3) is not vocalization intended to be primarily musical expression such as singing or rapping, at least one of the following is true

c) someone with a physical disability can use the website
Timing Adjustable: For each time limit that is set by the content, at least one of the following is true: (Level A)
• Turn off: The user is allowed to turn off the time limit before encountering it; or
• Adjust: The user is allowed to adjust the time limit before encountering it over a wide range that is at least ten times the length of the default setting; or
• Extend: The user is warned before time expires and given at least 20 seconds to extend the time limit with a simple action (for example, "press the space bar"), and the user is allowed to extend the time limit at least ten times; or
• Real-time Exception: The time limit is a required part of a real-time event (for example, an auction), and no alternative to the time limit is possible; or
• Essential Exception: The time limit is essential and extending it would invalidate the activity; or
• 20 Hour Exception: The time limit is longer than 20 hours.
Pause, Stop, Hide: For moving, blinking, scrolling, or auto-updating information, all of the following are true: (Level A)
• Moving, blinking, scrolling: For any moving, blinking or scrolling information that (1) starts automatically, (2) lasts more than five seconds, and (3) is presented in parallel with other content, there is a mechanism for the user to pause, stop, or hide it unless the movement, blinking, or scrolling is part of an activity where it is essential; and
• Auto-updating: For any auto-updating information that (1) starts automatically and (2) is presented in parallel with other content, there is a mechanism for the user to pause, stop, or hide it or to control the frequency of the update unless the auto-updating is part of an activity where it is essential.

d) someone with a learning disability can use the website
Keyboard: All functionality of the content is operable through a keyboard interface without requiring specific timings for individual keystrokes, except where the underlying function requires input that depends on the path of the user's movement and not just the endpoints
No Keyboard Trap: If keyboard focus can be moved to a component of the page using a keyboard interface, then focus can be moved away from that component using only a keyboard interface, and, if it requires more than unmodified arrow or tab keys or other standard exit methods, the user is advised of the method for moving focus away

Blog 17(a):

Look at the following websites online and identify what sort of colour scheme they use and why. What sort of impression do these sites create by using particular colours?

http://www.liveclothing.com.au/
This site is mostly targeted from young adults to older teenagers. this websites focuses on stylish and new fashion clothing for the targeted audience from young adults to older teenagers. This site manipulates the viewers so that the viewers are able to click next on the button to see what is there in clothing like on that website. The colours that have been used are: black background, and it makes think that it is more like a city view at night. This colour has been used on purpose because it attracts people between the ages of 16-25, and this age is probably the most suitable age for the target audience. People between these age groups get attracted to style like these and colours that have been used, and this will make the target auidence wanting to come back to the site more often.

http://www.paintball.com.au/
This site focuses on tourism so that the people are able to come here as well fun places to enjoy in when comming to the country, that the tourist would like to come to, so that they are able to enjoy themselves while they are in the country that they would like to come and visit. This site is generally targeted to all age groups. In other words, this site is for people that would like to come to the country that they would like to come and visit. This site talks about paintballing and how visitors can enjoy their time in paintballing while they are visiting the country. This site uses colours like white background, red boarder, and very colour full image, that takes the title space, in which this helps viewers to see a paintballing. These colours have been used because it related the target audience and at the same time it suites the topic that is being talked about. The impression this site creates to the readers is more like world of fun and excitement, which makes the tourist come to the country they would like visit so that they can come and enjoy themselves.

http://www.uwa.edu.au/
This site is talking about the University of Western Australia, a university that students who are leaving (doing year 12) and are thinking of going to that university, and its course that are provided to the students so that they can excell in uni. This site is targeted to school leavers who are thinking of entering this university as well to the students who have come from Tafe or overseas students that are thinking of going to this uni. This site uses formal colours and designs to present the university in a professional manner as much as possible. When looking at this site it creates professional atmosphere, as it is the highest university in WA and more like a university looking designs.

http://www.whitepages.com.au/wp/
In this site the colour that have been used are white and blue, as these are the main colours that white pages use when publishing their phone books. This site has been used to present the company of white pages online and therefore the same colours of their books and logos are on the website. When looking at the website an impression like looking for job and list location can be straight away found, as well as finding the person that you would like to call when needing it. A professional atmosphere comes along when looking at this site due to its colours, design and style, and this is a professional site because they are a professional people.

http://www.janegoodall.org/
This sites talks about the donating to chimpanzee to save the world of animals, chimpanzee are starting to die because they are getting extinct. This site uses colours like brown; light brown and creamy to create an impression that we are in a world of dark colours animals and most of the animals are of these types of colurs. These colours are also warm colours which creates a worm feeling towards these poor animals. In addition to the pictures that have been used in this site, which brings the attention of the viewer to donate and help these animals as one day they may die because of many reasons including not getting fed.

http://www.bobjane.com.au/
This site uses colours like blue yellow and dark blue. These colours have been used to attract the male audience in relation to their car accessory. When viewers first look at the site it gives an impression of cars, oil and machinery as they are parts of the car and how the car would run on. This site it mainly targeted to male audience because female aren’t interested in looking at the net the latest tyres or car wheels, and that is the reason why males are so fasinated about the cars. In addition to the colour which are very two different colours that have been placed together to create a powerful attraction background image.

http://www.myer.com.au/
This site is a company’s official website for clothing, make up and other different things. This site uses very bright and light colours to attract viewers to summer clothing of cool and light cloths and the summer clothing that they have on sale. When looking at the site it gives an impression of coolness, light, peaceful and fun cloths shopping from this particular store and it will make them think that it is a great stall to shop and this is how they will enjoy themselves.


Blog 17(b)

Explain website validation, and how this can be achieved.
Validating a website is the process of ensuring that the pages on the website conform to the standards defined by various organizations.

Validating can be achieved with these simple steps:

• Validating your Word Press site means more than just checking the front page for errors. With the modular Themes and template files in Word Press, while you may fix all the errors associated with the index. php and sidebar.php when viewing your front page, errors may still lie within any other template files such as single.php, page.php, archives.php, or category.php. when validating these pages as well as covering all your patterns in the files.
• Validation test-driving it with friends, relatives, co-workers, and strangers. Everyone has a different system and way of working, so ask for others to test-drive your styles or themes before you make them public.
  

blog e

Explain the difference between functional and aesthetic design criteria.
Functional design is a paradigm used to simplify the design of hardware and software devices such as computer software and increasingly, 3D models. A functional design assures that each modular part of a device has only one responsibility and performs that responsibility with the minimum of side effects on other parts. Functionally-designed modules tend to have low coupling. While aesthetics is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste, and with the creation and appreciation of beauty.

blog d

Why is it important to define a local folder in Dreamweaver (or any web authoring software for that matter?)
The reason why it is important to define a local folder in Dreamweaver, or any web authoring software for that matter is so that the Macromedia Dreamweaver can keep track of links between web pages and dependent files, so that it can define a folder on the hard disk. The local root folder should contain the web page files for the site as well as all images, flow the style of the sheet files, templates, and other dependent files.

Why are tables ‘out of fashion’? When should they be used?
You use tables to display tabular data and use CSS for web layouts. The reason why tables are “out of fashion” is that CSS is now used instead of tables, give better results.

Why do you need to use an image placeholder in the development stage?
An image placeholder is important in the development stage because it allows you to create a graphic or image after saving space for it. You can set the placeholder and return to insert the image later.

In HTML, how are colours expressed?
HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal notation (HEX) for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB). The combination of Red, Green, and Blue values from 0 to 255, gives more than 16 million different colors (256 x 256 x 256). HEX values are specified as 3 pairs of two-digit numbers, starting with a # sign.

What do we mean by a websafe colour?
Some years ago, when computers supported max 256 different colors, a list of 216 "Web Safe Colors" was suggested as a Web standard, reserving 40 fixed system colors. The 216 cross-browser color palette was created to ensure that all computers would display the colors correctly when running a 256 color palette. This is not important today, since most computers can display millions of different colors.

What is CSS?
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation semantics (the look and formatting) of a document written in a markup language.

Why is CSS used?
CSS is a language used to define the layout and appearance of webpages.

blog 3 podcasting

could not do this because it requires the mobile phone and like i said i don't have a mobile phone.

converging technologies

What dose converging technologies means?
Converging Technologies is a term which is widely used in areas where different or similar technologies address the same market segment. Typical examples are the convergence of consumer electronics and telecommunications with a wide range of different services provided in combined equipment interconnected to a range a different networks and e-business with secure transactions. Although (competing) technologies will use there specific media, the common purpose requires interoperability and consequently a co-ordinated standardization approach. The ICTSB has selected few areas for which the standardization activities are identified and - as far as the ICTSB membership is concerned - co-ordinated.

• Machine readable cards, related devices, interfaces and operation for banking, telecommunications, transport/logistic, pay TV, access control, identification cards including electronic signature
• Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and telematics including telematics in public transport, multi-modal and traffic information, road and traffic data, network and traffic management, fleet management, electronic fee collection, short range communication etc.
• e-commerce Business-to-Business issues and Business-to-Consumer issues, m-commerce, e-signature, e-payment, data privacy, network security including end-to-end QoS, localisation services
• In-house technologies including smart house, in-house cabling, alarms, Internet and multimedia related in-house technologies like powerline communications etc.
• Last mile fixed network technologies including cable TV, Powerline etc.
• Man-machine interfaces and human factors

(a) Explain what features you use on you mobile phone. Do you normally use the schedule features to input important times/dates etc., or was this the first time? Would you use it again?
I don't have a mobile phone, therefore, I can't answer this question. I know how one look like but I have never used it in regards to converging tehnologies.

(b) The use of converged mobile technology has the potential to allow employers and employees to be accessible 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. What advantages/disadvantages does this kind of technology present for employers/employees?

Advantages of moblie technologies for employees

• The costs of mobile phone calls vary considerably depending on the type of phone called.
• Phone calls to landlines and to the same network are the cheapest, while phone calls to other mobile phone networks can often cost up to 5 or 6 times the cost of same network calls.
• It therefore makes absolute sense to purchase the same network for all employees that will have mobile phones. Not only will this reduce call charges significantly, it may also give you enough spending power to be able to negotiate a small discount.
• If the majority of people you or your employees would be contacting use landlines, or if there will be a large number of internal calls, then it makes sense to look for a package which offers cheap landline rates or a number of landline/same network minutes included.
• If your contacts mobile phone numbers are mainly based on one network, then it may reduce costs significantly to sign up for the same network provider to reduce call charges.
• If your contacts are based across a number of mobile networks, then it would make sense to look for a package that offers a good cross network rate or includes a number of inclusive minutes to all networks. These are more expensive, but will work out cheaper compared to the actual call costs.

Disadvantages of moblie technologies for employees

• There are usually two types of mobile packages. Those that have a fixed rate all day, and those that have a peak (usually 9am-6/7pm) and an off-peak (usually 6/7pm to 9am) rate.
• To get the most cost effective mobile package, you need to carefully consider the times that you or your employees will be making calls, as the varying rates are different enough to make a substantial difference to the cost of your bills.
• If you or your employees make all of their calls between 9am and 5pm (the times most common for businesses), then it makes sense to go for the cheapest peak rate, or an all day package with higher off-peak and lower peak rates. Packages with included ‘anytime’ minutes will also save you money.
• If you or your employees make all of their calls outside of office hours (for example: night shift workers), then it makes sense to go for the package with the cheapest off-peak rate. As most calls will be made outside of the peak rate, it does not matter too much if the peak rate is high, as long as the off-peak rate is low. Packages with lots of included off-peak minutes will usually save you money.
• If you or your employees make calls throughout the whole day, then it makes sense to go for a package that offers a low fixed rate. Peak and off-peak rates are not important, and going for a package with two rates will invariably cost more. A fixed rate allows calls at anytime of day, without worrying about expensive charges at certain points.There are usually two types of mobile packages. Those that have a fixed rate all day, and those that have a peak (usually 9am-6/7pm) and an off-peak (usually 6/7pm to 9am) rate.
• To get the most cost effective mobile package, you need to carefully consider the times that you or your employees will be making calls, as the varying rates are different enough to make a substantial difference to the cost of your bills.
• If you or your employees make all of their calls between 9am and 5pm (the times most common for businesses), then it makes sense to go for the cheapest peak rate, or an all day package with higher off-peak and lower peak rates. Packages with included ‘anytime’ minutes will also save you money.
• If you or your employees make all of their calls outside of office hours (for example: night shift workers), then it makes sense to go for the package with the cheapest off-peak rate. As most calls will be made outside of the peak rate, it does not matter too much if the peak rate is high, as long as the off-peak rate is low. Packages with lots of included off-peak minutes will usually save you money.
• If you or your employees make calls throughout the whole day, then it makes sense to go for a package that offers a low fixed rate. Peak and off-peak rates are not important, and going for a package with two rates will invariably cost more. A fixed rate allows calls at anytime of day, without worrying about expensive charges at certain points.

Advantages of moblie technologies for employers

• The costs of mobile phone calls vary considerably depending on the type of phone called.
  Phone calls to landlines and to the same network are the cheapest, while phone calls to other mobile phone networks can often cost up to 5 or 6 times the cost of same network calls
• It therefore makes absolute sense to purchase the same network for all employees that will have mobile phones. Not only will this reduce call charges significantly, it may also give you enough spending power to be able to negotiate a small discount.
• If the majority of people you or your employees would be contacting use landlines, or if there will be a large number of internal calls, then it makes sense to look for a package which offers cheap landline rates or a number of landline/same network minutes included.
• If your contacts mobile phone numbers are mainly based on one network, then it may reduce costs significantly to sign up for the same network provider to reduce call charges.
• If your contacts are based across a number of mobile networks, then it would make sense to look for a package that offers a good cross network rate or includes a number of inclusive minutes to all networks. These are more expensive, but will work out cheaper compared to the actual call costs.

Disadvantages of moblie technologies for employers

• There are usually two types of mobile packages. Those that have a fixed rate all day, and those that have a peak (usually 9am-6/7pm) and an off-peak (usually 6/7pm to 9am) rate.
• To get the most cost effective mobile package, you need to carefully consider the times that you or your employees will be making calls, as the varying rates are different enough to make a substantial difference to the cost of your bills.
• If you or your employees make all of their calls between 9am and 5pm (the times most common for businesses), then it makes sense to go for the cheapest peak rate, or an all day package with higher off-peak and lower peak rates. Packages with included ‘anytime’ minutes will also save you money.
• If you or your employees make all of their calls outside of office hours (for example: night shift workers), then it makes sense to go for the package with the cheapest off-peak rate. As most calls will be made outside of the peak rate, it does not matter too much if the peak rate is high, as long as the off-peak rate is low. Packages with lots of included off-peak minutes will usually save you money.
• If you or your employees make calls throughout the whole day, then it makes sense to go for a package that offers a low fixed rate. Peak and off-peak rates are not important, and going for a package with two rates will invariably cost more. A fixed rate allows calls at anytime of day, without worrying about expensive charges at certain points.

news articlee about technology

(a) What is happening in this article?
Ms Sierra described on her blog how she had been subject to a campaign of threats, including a post that featured a picture of her next to a noose.

(b) What could be done to ensure it does not occur?
"If you want to do something about it, do not tolerate the kind of abuse that includes threats or even suggestions of violence (especially sexual violence). Do not put these people on a pedestal. Do not let them get away with calling this "social commentary", "protected speech", or simply "criticism", " she said on her blog.

(c) Would you want your potential employer to visit you MySpace or Facebook account? What impression would they get if they did?
If you want to do something about it -- do not tolerate the kind of abuse that includes threats or even suggestions of violence.

Done by Albana Arifi